ASTM C535-16 (2024) PDF

Full title and description

ASTM C535-16(2024) — Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine. This test method defines the procedure for determining the resistance of large-size coarse aggregate (greater than 19 mm / 3/4 in.) to degradation caused by abrasion and impact in the Los Angeles (LA) testing machine, reporting degradation as percent loss after a specified number of revolutions.

Abstract

This standard specifies the sampling, apparatus, test procedure, and calculation required to measure the resistance of large-size coarse aggregates to wear and impact using the Los Angeles machine. Results are commonly reported as the percentage of material degraded (loss by abrasion and impact) and are used as an indicator of aggregate quality and expected performance in pavements, base courses, and other applications where mechanical wear and impact occur.

General information

• Status: Active / Current
• Publication date: Approved December 15, 2024 (designation ASTM C535-16(2024)).
• Publisher: ASTM International
• ICS / categories: 91.100.30 (Concrete and concrete products)
• Edition / version: C535-16(2024) — 2016 edition with 2024 reapproval/update
• Number of pages: 3

Scope

This test method covers the testing of coarse aggregate sizes larger than 19 mm (3/4 in.) for resistance to degradation by abrasion and impact using the Los Angeles testing machine. It specifies required apparatus, test sample preparation, test procedure (including number of revolutions), sieving and mass determination, and the calculation of percent loss. Metric (SI) units are the standard; inch-pound equivalents are provided for information.

Key topics and requirements

• Purpose: measurement of resistance of large-size coarse aggregate to abrasion and impact in the Los Angeles machine.
• Test range: designed for aggregate nominal sizes larger than 19 mm (3/4 in.).
• Apparatus: Los Angeles machine operated in accordance with the referenced machine/test method requirements; standard sieves conforming to ASTM E11; balance accurate to specified tolerance.
• Procedure essentials: sample preparation, loading of the drum with steel charge and aggregate, rotating for specified revolutions, washing and sieving, and determination of percent loss.
• Result reporting: percent loss (degradation) expressed to required precision; interpretation guidance for comparative assessment of aggregate sources.
• Units and safety: SI units are the standard; users are responsible for following appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices.

Typical use and users

This test method is used by aggregate producers, independent testing laboratories, state and local Departments of Transportation, civil and geotechnical engineers, concrete and asphalt producers, and material specifiers to assess aggregate resistance to wear and impact for pavements, base and subbase materials, and other construction applications where mechanical degradation is a concern.

Related standards

Commonly referenced and complementary standards include ASTM C131/C131M (LA abrasion procedure for smaller sizes / machine requirements and operation), ASTM E11 (standard test sieves), and other ASTM C09 series aggregate test methods used for grading, specific gravity, and durability evaluation (for example, standards covering sieve analysis and particle properties).

Keywords

Los Angeles abrasion, LA machine, abrasion and impact, aggregate degradation, coarse aggregate, percent loss, aggregate testing, concrete aggregates, pavement materials.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ASTM C535-16(2024) is a test method that measures the resistance of large-size coarse aggregates (greater than 19 mm / 3/4 in.) to degradation by abrasion and impact in the Los Angeles testing machine.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers apparatus, specimen preparation, test procedure (including machine loading and specified revolutions), sieving and mass determinations, calculation of percent loss, and reporting requirements for large-size coarse aggregates subjected to LA machine testing.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Aggregate producers, materials testing laboratories, DOTs, engineers, and contractors use it to assess aggregate quality for pavements, base courses, and other applications susceptible to mechanical wear and impact.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: It is current. The edition designated ASTM C535-16(2024) was approved on December 15, 2024. It represents the 2016 edition with the 2024 reapproval/update and supersedes earlier versions.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes. It is part of the ASTM C09 committee’s suite of standards on concrete and concrete aggregates (ASTM volume covering aggregate test methods), and is typically used together with related C09 aggregate and concrete test methods.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Los Angeles abrasion, aggregate degradation, coarse aggregate, percent loss, abrasion and impact, LA machine, aggregate testing.