ASTM D2078-86 (1995)e1 PDF

Full title and description

ASTM D2078-86 (Reapproved 1995) e1 — Standard Test Method for Iodine Value of Fatty Quaternary Ammonium Chlorides. This procedure specifies the Wijs titration method for determining the iodine value (a measure of unsaturation) of fatty quaternary ammonium chloride materials; it includes safety notes and references to related ASTM methods.

Abstract

This test method describes determination of the iodine value of fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides by the Wijs (iodine monochloride in acetic acid) procedure, with blank corrections and back-titration of excess reagent. The method is noted as essentially equivalent to ASTM D1959 and D2075 and includes precautionary guidance for hazardous reagents such as chloroform and Wijs solution. The designation D2078-86 was reapproved in 1995 and received an editorial change (e1). The standard was later withdrawn.

General information

• Status: Withdrawn (withdrawal recorded December 14, 2003).
• Publication date: Original approval Aug 29, 1986 (published October 1986); reapproved 1995 with editorial change e1 (May 1995 editorial update).
• Publisher: ASTM International.
• ICS / categories: 71.100.40 — Surface active agents.
• Edition / version: D2078-86 (Reapproved 1995) e1 (editorial change).
• Number of pages: 2 pages (short test method).

Scope

The standard covers the determination of iodine value of fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides using the Wijs procedure (iodine monochloride in glacial acetic acid), with sample dissolution in chloroform, addition of Wijs reagent, and back-titration of the excess reagent. It is intended for use as a measure of unsaturation in the alkyl (fatty) component(s) of the quaternary ammonium chloride and can indicate the fatty source or the number of fatty components present.

Key topics and requirements

• Determination of iodine value (measure of unsaturation) for fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides.
• Use of the Wijs reagent (iodine monochloride in glacial acetic acid) and standard Wijs titration technique.
• Sample preparation: dissolving sample in chloroform and controlling reaction conditions (temperature, reagent volumes).
• Back-titration of excess Wijs reagent against standardized sodium thiosulfate (or equivalent) to obtain iodine uptake.
• Blank determinations and calculation procedures to report iodine value as percent iodine absorbed or conventional iodine number units.
• Safety and handling guidance for hazardous reagents (chloroform, Wijs solution) and reference to related ASTM methods for apparatus and reagents (e.g., D1959, D2075).

Typical use and users

Laboratories, quality control departments, and chemists in the surfactants, chemical manufacturing, and specialty chemicals industries use this method to characterize fatty quaternary ammonium chloride materials. Typical users include formulation scientists, process chemists, incoming raw material inspection teams, and contract testing labs performing compositional analysis and QC on surfactant intermediates and finished products.

Related standards

Closely related and referenced standards include ASTM D1959 and D2075 (equivalent procedures for iodine value determinations on related materials). Other adjacent standards in the fatty quaternary ammonium chloride series include test methods for ash, nonvolatile matter, molecular weight, pH, and percent of non-amines (for example, ASTM D2077, D2079, D2080, D2081, etc.).

Keywords

iodine value; iodine number; Wijs method; iodine monochloride; fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides; surfactants; chloroform; unsaturation; titration; ASTM D2078.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ASTM D2078-86(1995)e1 is a short ASTM test method specifying the Wijs titration procedure to determine the iodine value (a measure of unsaturation) of fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers sample preparation, reagent use (Wijs solution, chloroform), titration and back-titration technique, blank corrections, calculations to report iodine value, and safety notes for hazardous reagents. It is described as essentially equivalent to ASTM D1959 and D2075.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Analytical and QC chemists in surfactant and specialty chemical manufacturing, contract testing laboratories, and formulation teams needing to assess the degree of unsaturation in fatty quaternary ammonium chloride materials.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The method was reapproved with an editorial change in 1995 but was withdrawn on December 14, 2003. Users should consult current ASTM publications or related active methods (for example other iodine-value procedures) for up-to-date accepted practices.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it is part of a cluster of ASTM test methods addressing properties of fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides (ash, nonvolatile matter, molecular weight, pH, etc.) and is cross-referenced to related iodine-value procedures like D1959 and D2075.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Iodine value, iodine number, Wijs reagent, fatty quaternary ammonium chlorides, surfactants, chloroform, titration, ASTM D2078.