ASTM D2419-22 PDF
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St ASTM D2419-22
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Ст ASTM D2419-22
Original standard ASTM D2419-22 in PDF full version. Additional info + preview on request
Full title and description
ASTM D2419-22 — Standard Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate. This test method provides a rapid, empirical measurement (the "sand equivalent" value) that indicates the relative proportions of sand and clay-like or plastic fines in granular soils and fine aggregate that pass the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve. The result is commonly used in construction quality control to limit deleterious fines in aggregates and soils used for pavements, base, and other earthworks.
Abstract
ASTM D2419-22 defines the apparatus, reagents, specimen preparation, procedure, and calculation used to determine a sand equivalent value. The value is an empirical index used to compare the relative amount and nature of clay-size or plastic fines and dust in materials passing the No. 4 sieve; it is intended as a rapid field-correlation test for production and placement monitoring. The method notes limitations (for example, when fines are non-clay fracture dust) and cross-references other tests when necessary.
General information
- Status: Current / Active.
- Publication date: 15 September 2022.
- Publisher: ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials).
- ICS / categories: 93.020 — Earth works; excavations; foundation construction; underground works.
- Edition / version: Designation D2419-22 (2022 edition).
- Number of pages: 10 pages.
Scope
This test method is intended as a rapid field-correlation procedure to indicate, under standardized conditions, the relative proportions of clay-size or plastic fines and dust in granular soils and fine aggregates passing the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve. It provides an empirical sand-equivalent index for materials used in construction; the standard clarifies units, specimen top-size considerations, and safety responsibilities for users. The method also notes when supplemental tests (for example, methylene blue or XRD) may be needed to determine the nature of fines.
Key topics and requirements
- Definition and significance of the sand equivalent index (an empirical measure of sand vs. clay-like fines).
- Apparatus and materials: clear graduated cylinder, irrigator tube, sand equivalent shaker (or equivalent agitation method), rubber stopper, and specified reagents/solutions.
- Specimen preparation: material passing 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve; notes on testing smaller top sizes and effects on results.
- Test procedure: agitation, settling, and measurement steps to determine heights used in the sand-equivalent calculation.
- Reporting and interpretation: calculation of sand equivalent value, typical acceptance uses (specification limits), and cautions about interpretation when fines are non-clay fracture dust.
Typical use and users
Used by materials laboratories, state and local departments of transportation, geotechnical and construction contractors, aggregate producers, and quality-control personnel to monitor aggregate and soil fines content during production, placement, and acceptance testing. The test is suitable for field and laboratory settings as a quick indicator of clay-like fines content.
Related standards
Commonly referenced alongside AASHTO and other aggregate tests; the standard itself notes complementary tests such as Methylene Blue (AASHTO T 330) or X-ray diffraction for distinguishing deleterious fines. Equipment and test-set specifications may reference equivalent AASHTO methods (and some test accessories are marketed as meeting both ASTM D2419 and AASHTO equivalents).
Keywords
Sand equivalent, sand-equivalent value, fine aggregate, soils, clay-like fines, plastic fines, No. 4 sieve, aggregate quality control, ASTM D2419.
FAQ
Q: What is this standard?
A: ASTM D2419-22 is the 2022 edition of the Standard Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate — an empirical procedure to quantify the relative amount of sand versus clay-like fines in materials passing the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve.
Q: What does it cover?
A: It covers required apparatus, specimen preparation, reagents, procedural steps for agitation and settling, calculation of the sand-equivalent value, reporting, and limitations of the method (including guidance on when complementary tests are needed).
Q: Who typically uses it?
A: Materials testing laboratories, DOT and municipal materials sections, aggregate producers, contractors, and geotechnical engineers for production QC, acceptance testing, and monitoring of aggregate/soil fines.
Q: Is it current or superseded?
A: The D2419-22 edition is listed as the current (active) ASTM edition, published 15 September 2022. Earlier editions (for example 2014, 2002, etc.) have been superseded by the 2022 revision.
Q: Is it part of a series?
A: D2419 is a test-method standard within ASTM's soil and aggregate testing suite (commonly used alongside other D-series test methods and AASHTO equivalents for aggregate and soil characterization). It is maintained by the relevant ASTM committee responsible for geotechnical/materials methods.
Q: What are the key keywords?
A: Sand equivalent, sand-equivalent value, fine aggregate, clay-like fines, plastic fines, No. 4 sieve, aggregate QC, ASTM D2419.