ISO 17357-2-2014 PDF

Full title and description

Ships and marine technology — Floating pneumatic rubber fenders — Part 2: Low pressure. This International Standard specifies material, performance, dimensions and minimum test and inspection procedures for low‑pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders used for berthing and mooring between ship and ship or ship and berth structures.

Abstract

ISO 17357-2:2014 defines requirements for low‑pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders (typical initial internal pressure 7 kPa). The standard covers fender classification (clamped‑end and moulded‑end types), material and coated‑textile properties, performance characteristics (energy absorption and reaction force), dimensional tolerances and required tests such as angular compression, durability (repetitive compression), compression recovery, air‑leakage and hydrostatic pressure tests. It does not specify selection procedures for a particular installation or address operational safety hazards.

General information

• Status: Published (International Standard; confirmed).
• Publication date: 15 January 2014 (First edition, 2014).
• Publisher: ISO — International Organization for Standardization.
• ICS / categories: 47.020.99 (shipbuilding and marine structures) / 83.140.99 (other rubber and plastics products).
• Edition / version: Edition 1 (2014).
• Number of pages: 14 (ISO publication).

Basic bibliographic and lifecycle details are reported in the ISO catalogue entry for ISO 17357-2:2014.

Scope

Specifies requirements for low‑pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders (manufactured from textile‑reinforced rubber with compressed air inside) intended to float and act as shock absorbers during berthing and mooring. The standard covers clamped‑end and moulded‑end types, nominal sizes, initial internal pressure (unless otherwise specified the nominal initial pressure is 7 kPa), required mechanical and material properties, and minimum test and inspection procedures. It excludes guidance on selecting the appropriate fender for a given application and does not address operational safety hazards.

Key topics and requirements

• Fender classification: clamped‑end type and moulded‑end type; size limits for each type (e.g., clamped‑end typically ≤2.3 m diameter; moulded‑end typically ≥2.8 m diameter).
• Initial internal pressure: nominally 7 kPa for low‑pressure fenders unless otherwise specified.
• Guaranteed energy absorption (GEA) and reaction force requirements at specified deflection (performance measured at ≈60 ± 5 % deflection and acceptance criteria for GEA/reaction force).
• Angular compression and axial compression tests to record reaction force and internal pressure at defined deflection increments (recording at every 5 % deflection, repeat tests and use mean values).
• Durability: minimum repetitive compression cycles specified (example: 3 000 cycles) with no cracking or harmful defects and no reduction in GEA after the test.
• Compression recovery: after compression to GEA deflection and 1 min hold, the fender shall recover a specified proportion of original diameter (e.g., >97 % within 5 min) and meet diameter tolerances.
• Air‑leakage test: performed at initial pressure for a set period (e.g., 60 min) with a maximum allowable pressure drop (example: 10 mbar), and temperature compensation for pressure changes.
• Hydrostatic pressure test: short duration test at multiple times working pressure (example: 4 × working pressure) with no water ingress or defects; sampling frequency criteria (e.g., one per 20 fenders or per order).
• Material compound requirements for rubber coatings: typical demands include hardness ~60–70 IRHD, tensile strength >14 MPa, elongation at break >300 %, compression set (24 h, 40 °C) <40 %, and resistance to ozone ageing (no visible cracks under specified conditions).
• Coated textile panel requirements: high abrasion resistance (e.g., ≥25 000 cycles to exposure of threads under specified test), minimum breaking strength and tear strength values in warp and weft directions, and surface coat adhesion minima (e.g., ≥100 N/50 mm) for outer cover and inner lining.
• Dimensional tolerances, ordering information to be provided to manufacturer (type, size, initial pressure, applicable standard number and year), and acceptable use of scale models for some tests (specified scale limits for miniature test specimens).

Technical tables and numeric test limits appear in the standard (material compound tables and coated‑textile requirements are specified).

Typical use and users

Used by fender manufacturers, marine‑equipment designers, shipyards, port and terminal operators, marine engineers, procurement teams, classification societies, testing laboratories and purchasers specifying fenders for berthing or ship‑to‑ship operations. The standard is referenced in procurement/specification documents and in factory and acceptance testing for low‑pressure pneumatic fenders.

Related standards

ISO 17357 series and related references commonly cited with this part include ISO 17357-1:2014 (Ships and marine technology — Floating pneumatic rubber fenders — Part 1: High pressure), the withdrawn ISO 17357 (2002) predecessor, and a range of ISO test standards referenced in clauses and tables (examples: ISO 37, ISO 48, ISO 1421, ISO 2411, ISO 4674-1, ISO 815-1, ISO 1431-1). Industry guides such as OCIMF/SIGTTO ship‑to‑ship transfer guidance are also referenced in the standard's bibliography.

Keywords

floating pneumatic fender, low‑pressure fender, rubber fender, marine fender, pneumatic fender, GEA (guaranteed energy absorption), berthing, mooring, fender testing, ISO 17357-2:2014.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 17357-2:2014 is an international standard that specifies material, dimensional and performance requirements plus test and inspection procedures for low‑pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders used in berthing and mooring applications.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers low‑pressure pneumatic rubber fender types (clamped and moulded ends), nominal initial internal pressure (typically 7 kPa), compound and coated‑textile requirements, energy absorption and reaction force criteria, dimensional tolerances and mandatory tests such as angular compression, durability (repetitive compression), compression recovery, air‑leakage and hydrostatic tests. It does not cover how to select a fender for a specific installation or all operational safety issues.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Fender manufacturers, port/terminal engineers, shipbuilders, procurement/specification authors, classification societies and test laboratories use this standard for design, production and acceptance testing of low‑pressure pneumatic fenders.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: ISO 17357-2:2014 is published and listed as the first edition (2014). The standard is maintained in ISO’s catalogue and was issued in 2014; users should check the ISO catalogue or national standards bodies for any later confirmations or revisions when preparing specifications.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it is Part 2 of the ISO 17357 set. Part 1 covers high‑pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders (ISO 17357-1:2014); an earlier consolidated ISO 17357 (2002) was withdrawn and replaced by the two‑part 2014 series.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Floating pneumatic fender, low‑pressure fender, rubber compound, coated textile, guaranteed energy absorption (GEA), air leakage, compression recovery, marine fender testing, ISO 17357.