ASTM E3081-21 PDF

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 PCRT Applications and Capabilities—PCRT has been applied successfully to a wide range of outlier screening applications in the manufacture and maintenance of metallic and non-metallic parts. Examples of anomalies detected are discussed in 1.1. PCRT has been shown to provide cost effective and accurate outlier screening solutions in many industries including automotive, aerospace, and power generation. Examples of successful applications currently employed in commercial use include, but are not limited to: (1) Silicon nitride bearing elements, (2) Steel, iron, and aluminum rocker and control arms, (3) Aircraft and industrial gas turbine engine components (blades, vanes, disks), (4) Cast cylinder heads and cylinder blocks, (5) Sintered powder metal gears and clutch plates, (6) Machined forged steel steering and transmission components (gears, shafts, racks), (7) Ceramic oxygen sensors, (8) Silicon wafers, (9) Gears, including those with induction hardened or carburized teeth, (10) Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) material samples and components, (11) Components with shot peened surfaces, (12) Machined or rolled-formed steel fasteners, or both, (13) Components made with additive manufacturing, (14) Aircraft landing gear, wheel and brake components, and (15) Components made with metal injection molding. 5.2 General Approach and Equipment Requirements for PCRT via Swept Sine Input: 5.2.1 PCRT systems are comprised of hardware and software capable of inducing swept sine vibrations, recording the component response to the induced vibrations, and executing analysis of the data collected. Inputting a swept sine wave into the part has proven to be an effective means of introducing mechanical vibration and can be achieved with a high quality signal generator coupled with an appropriate active transducer in physical contact with the part. Collection of the part’s frequency response can be achieved by recording the signal generated by an a... SCOPE 1.1 This practice describes a general procedure for using the process compensated resonance testing (PCRT) via swept sine input method to perform outlier screening on populations of newly manufactured and in-service parts. PCRT excites the resonance frequencies of metallic and non-metallic test components using a swept sine wave input over a set frequency range. PCRT detects and analyzes component resonance frequency patterns and uses the differences in resonance patterns between acceptable and unacceptable components to perform non-destructive testing. PCRT frequency analysis compares the resonance pattern of a component to the patterns of known reference populations of the same component and renders a pass or fail result based on the similarity of the tested component to those populations. For non-destructive testing applications with known defects or material states of interest, or both, Practice E2534 covers the development and application of PCRT sorting modules that compare test components to known acceptable and unacceptable component populations. However, some applications do not have physical examples of components with known defects or material states. Other applications experience isolated component failures with unknown causes or causes that propagate from defects that are beyond the sensitivity of the current required inspections, or both. In these cases, PCRT is applied in an outlier screening mode that develops a sorting module using only a population of presumed acceptable production components, and then compares test components for similarity to that presumed acceptable population. The resonance differences can be used to distinguish acceptable components with normal process variation from outlier components that may have material states or defects, or both, that will cause performance deficiencies. These material states and defects include, but are not limited to, cracks, voids, porosity, shrink, inclus...