ISO 10070-2019 PDF

Full title and description

ISO 10070:2019 — Metallic powders — Determination of envelope-specific surface area from measurements of the permeability to air of a powder bed under steady‑state flow conditions. Specifies a laboratory method to measure air permeability and porosity of a packed metal‑powder bed and to derive the envelope‑specific surface area, using steady‑state laminar air flow at pressures near atmospheric. The document gives informative annexes describing a few commonly used procedural variants and addresses sample handling issues such as de‑agglomeration.

Abstract

This International Standard defines a permeability‑based test method for determining the envelope‑specific surface area of metallic powders. The permeability of a packed powder bed is measured under steady‑state laminar flow; porosity and permeability results are used to calculate an envelope‑specific surface area. The standard is intended for metallic powders (commonly in the 0.2 µm to 75 µm range but applicable up to 1 000 µm) and excludes powders containing binders or lubricants and mixtures of different metallic powders. Informative annexes describe example devices and de‑agglomeration approaches; no single commercial instrument is mandated.

General information

• Status: Published
• Publication date: 4 December 2019 (Edition 2)
• Publisher: ISO — International Organization for Standardization
• ICS / categories: 77.160 (Powder metallurgy)
• Edition / version: Edition 2 (2019)
• Number of pages: 18

Scope

Specifies a method for measuring air permeability and packed‑bed porosity of metallic powders and deriving the envelope‑specific surface area from those measurements. The permeability is determined under steady‑state laminar air flow at pressures close to atmospheric. The method is applicable to single metallic powders (including powders for hardmetals) up to 1 000 µm in diameter, commonly used for particles between about 0.2 µm and 75 µm. It is not intended for powders containing binders or lubricants, for mixtures of different metallic powders, or for powders whose particle shape is very far from equiaxial (e.g., flakes or fibers) unless explicitly agreed between parties. Annexes provide information on example test devices and de‑agglomeration procedures.

Key topics and requirements

• Measurement principle: steady‑state air permeability of a packed powder bed combined with porosity to calculate envelope‑specific surface area.
• Flow conditions: laminar steady‑state flow at pressure near atmospheric; constant‑volume (transient) methods are excluded.
• Sample preparation: instructions on filling and conditioning the powder bed; note on agglomeration and requirement to agree de‑agglomeration treatment if used.
• Apparatus: standard does not mandate a specific commercial instrument — describes laboratory‑built and commercial device examples (informative Annex A).
• Applicable particle size range and shape limitations (generally 0.2 µm to 75 µm; up to 1 000 µm accepted for some powders; not suitable for highly non‑equiaxed particles unless agreed).
• Exclusions and limitations: not applicable to powder mixtures, powders with binders or lubricants; results influenced by agglomeration state.
• Reporting and reproducibility: requirement to document test parameters, sample conditioning, device type/method variant and any de‑agglomeration carried out for traceability and comparability.

Typical use and users

Used by powder metallurgy laboratories, material characterization and quality‑control teams at metal‑powder producers, suppliers and processors, research laboratories, and additive‑manufacturing (AM) powder qualification groups. Also used by purchasers and specifications writers who require a permeability‑based measure of envelope surface area for acceptance testing and process control.

Related standards

Standards commonly referenced alongside ISO 10070 include ISO 3252 (powder metallurgy vocabulary), ISO 4497 (metallic powders — particle size by dry sieving), ISO 4490 and ISO 13517 (flowability/flow rate test methods), ISO 4022 (permeable sintered metal materials — fluid permeability), and ISO 9277 (determination of specific surface area by gas adsorption — BET method) for complementary surface‑area measurement techniques. Regional/adopted versions (for example EN/UNE adoptions) may exist for local application.

Keywords

metallic powders; envelope‑specific surface area; air permeability; powder bed; porosity; steady‑state flow; laminar flow; powder characterization; powder metallurgy; de‑agglomeration; permeability test.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 10070:2019 is an international test method that defines how to determine the envelope‑specific surface area of metallic powders from measurements of the air permeability and porosity of a packed powder bed under steady‑state laminar flow conditions.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers the measurement principle, sample preparation and conditioning, test parameters and calculation of envelope‑specific surface area from permeability and porosity data. It provides informative annexes describing several example test devices and notes on de‑agglomeration procedures. It excludes constant‑volume permeability methods and does not apply to powders with binders, lubricants, or mixtures of different metallic powders unless agreed.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Powder producers, quality control and R&D laboratories in powder metallurgy and additive manufacturing, test laboratories, materials engineers, and specification writers who need a standardized permeability‑based surface‑area measurement.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The 2019 Edition (Edition 2) is the current published edition, replacing the 1991 edition. The standard is subject to periodic ISO review (typically every five years).

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It sits within the powder‑metallurgy family of standards (ICS 77.160) and is commonly used with vocabulary and test‑method standards such as ISO 3252 (vocabulary), ISO 4497 (particle size), ISO 4490 / ISO 13517 (flow rate) and ISO 9277 (BET surface‑area measurement) for a comprehensive powder characterization program.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Metallic powders, envelope‑specific surface area, permeability, porosity, powder bed, steady‑state laminar flow, powder characterization, powder metallurgy, de‑agglomeration.