ISO 18363-1-2015 PDF

Full title and description

St ISO 18363-1-2015 — Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of fatty‑acid‑bound chloropropanediols (MCPDs) and glycidol by GC/MS — Part 1: Method using fast alkaline transesterification and measurement for 3‑MCPD and differential measurement for glycidol. This part specifies an analytical procedure for indirect determination of bound 3‑MCPD esters and glycidyl esters in fats and oils using fast alkaline transesterification, derivatization and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Abstract

ISO 18363-1:2015 defines a GC/MS‑based laboratory method for the indirect measurement of fatty‑acid‑bound 3‑MCPD (3‑monochloropropanediol) esters and for differential determination of glycidyl esters (glycidol precursors) in solid and liquid animal and vegetable fats and oils. The method uses a rapid alkaline transesterification to release bound analytes, derivatization (phenylboronic acid or equivalent) for GC/MS analysis, and includes procedural steps, reagent preparation and performance expectations. Milk and milk products (and fats derived from them) are excluded from this part.

General information

• Status: Published (international standard).
• Publication date: 17 August 2015.
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 67.200.10 — Animal and vegetable fats and oils.
• Edition / version: Edition 1 (2015).
• Number of pages: 11.

Scope

This part of ISO 18363 is applicable to solid and liquid animal and vegetable fats and oils and specifies a laboratory procedure for the indirect determination of 3‑MCPD esters and a differential approach for glycidyl esters. The document excludes milk and milk products (and fats from milk). The method assumes that no other substances are present that react under the method conditions to produce artefacts (for example substances that would generate 3‑MCPD from inorganic chloride at room temperature).

Key topics and requirements

• Analytical target: fatty‑acid‑bound 3‑MCPD esters (indirect determination) and differential measurement for glycidyl esters (glycidol).
• Sample matrices: solid and liquid fats and oils (milk and milk‑derived fats excluded).
• Chemistry: fast alkaline transesterification to cleave esters and release analytes.
• Derivatization: use of phenylboronic acid (PBA) or specified derivative to make MCPDs/glycidol amenable to GC/MS.
• Instrumentation: gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for separation and quantification.
• Performance/assumptions: procedural blanks, calibration, limits of detection/quantification, and controls to check for artefact formation are required as described in the method.
• Exclusions and warnings: method suitability should be verified for non‑standard matrices (e.g., used frying oils, complex food matrices) and for the possible presence of interfering substances.

Typical use and users

ISO 18363-1:2015 is intended for food testing laboratories, quality control and assurance teams within edible‑oil and fat manufacturing, regulatory agencies monitoring food contaminants, contract analytical laboratories, and research groups developing or validating MCPD/glycidol monitoring methods. It is used to quantify bound 3‑MCPD and to support risk assessment and compliance testing for processed oils and related food ingredients.

Related standards

ISO 18363 is a multipart series. Relevant related documents include other parts of the series covering alternative transesterification approaches and analytes (for example the slow alkaline and acid transesterification procedures published under ISO 18363‑2 and ISO 18363‑3 in later revisions), and other ISO methods for fat/oil analysis (for example methods for preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and GC analysis). The standard was developed by ISO/TC 34/SC 11 (Fats and oils) and should be considered alongside national/regional methods and any updated parts or replacements in the 18363 series.

Keywords

3‑MCPD, MCPD esters, glycidyl esters, glycidol, fats and oils, GC/MS, transesterification, derivatization, phenylboronic acid, food contaminants, analytical method, ISO 18363.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 18363-1:2015 is an international laboratory method for the indirect determination of fatty‑acid‑bound 3‑MCPD esters and for differential measurement of glycidyl esters in animal and vegetable fats and oils using GC/MS and a fast alkaline transesterification procedure.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers sample preparation (fast alkaline transesterification), derivatization chemistry, GC/MS measurement, and method controls necessary to quantify bound 3‑MCPD and to assess glycidyl esters in solid and liquid fats and oils. Milk and milk products are excluded.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Food and oil laboratory analysts, quality control teams in edible oil and food manufacturing, regulatory testing laboratories and researchers concerned with MCPD and glycidol contamination and exposure assessment.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: ISO 18363-1 was published in August 2015 (Edition 1) and is published as an international standard. The ISO lifecycle includes periodic systematic review; users should confirm the current status before relying on it for regulatory compliance because related parts of the series have been revised in subsequent years.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes. ISO 18363 is a multipart series addressing MCPD and glycidol determinations in fats and oils; other parts specify alternative transesterification procedures and analyte combinations (for example parts covering slow alkaline and acid transesterification). Laboratories should consult the full 18363 series to select the most appropriate part for their matrix and analytes of interest.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: MCPD, 3‑MCPD, glycidol, glycidyl esters, fats and oils analysis, GC/MS, transesterification, phenylboronic acid, food contaminant testing.