ISO TR 9122-4-1993 PDF

Full title and description

ISO/TR 9122-4:1993 — Toxicity testing of fire effluents — Part 4: The fire model (furnaces and combustion apparatus used in small-scale testing). This technical report defines criteria for acceptable small-scale fire models and reviews common furnace and combustion apparatus used in fire-effluent toxicity testing.

Abstract

Defines criteria for an acceptable fire model, reviews existing fire models (including “box” furnace models, tube-furnace models and radiant-heat models) against those criteria, and recommends selecting models by how well they can generate fire conditions characteristic of known stages of fire. The report does not provide a detailed physical/chemical analysis of combustion.

General information

• Status: Withdrawn.
• Publication date: 15 May 1993 (First edition).
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 13.220.99 (fire safety / toxicity of fire effluents).
• Edition / version: Edition 1 (1993).
• Number of pages: 14 pages (ISO bibliographic listing). Note: some national/adopted versions (for example certain BS adoption listings) give a larger page count.

Scope

Provides criteria for assessing small-scale fire models used in toxicity testing of fire effluents and reviews representative model types against those criteria. The aim is to guide selection of furnaces and combustion apparatus that can reproduce fire conditions (oxygen levels, CO/CO2 ratios, temperatures and heat fluxes) characteristic of different fire stages for use in controlled toxicity tests; it is not a comprehensive treatment of combustion physics or chemistry.

Key topics and requirements

• Definition of criteria for an acceptable fire model for toxicity testing (relevance to real fires, controllability, reproducibility and representativeness).
• Review and characterization of common small-scale fire models: box-type furnaces, tube furnaces and radiant-heat devices.
• Evaluation metrics including oxygen concentration, CO/CO2 ratio, temperature and heat flux as indicators of fire stage relevance.
• Guidance on selecting a fire model based on the ability to reproduce conditions representative of known stages of combustion.
• Statement that the report does not attempt a detailed analysis of combustion chemistry or fire physics.

Typical use and users

Used by fire-testing laboratories, researchers in fire toxicity and smoke engineering, standards committees, test method developers, product manufacturers assessing material fire performance, and regulatory bodies concerned with fire safety and occupant protection. The report supports selection and evaluation of small-scale apparatus for controlled toxicity testing.

Related standards

Part of the broader ISO/TR 9122 series on toxicity testing of fire effluents. Related documents include ISO/TR 9122-1:1989 (Toxicity testing of fire effluents — Part 1: General), which has been withdrawn and later addressed by subsequent guidance documents, and ISO/TR 9122-5:1993 (Prediction of toxic effects of fire effluents). Users should consult the other parts of the 9122 series and later ISO/TS or ISO documents that supersede or update aspects of fire-effluent toxicity testing.

Keywords

fire model, furnace, combustion apparatus, fire effluent toxicity, small-scale testing, CO/CO2 ratio, oxygen concentration, heat flux, smoke toxicity, ISO/TR 9122.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO/TR 9122-4:1993 is a technical report that defines criteria and reviews small-scale fire models (furnaces and combustion apparatus) used in toxicity testing of fire effluents.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers criteria for selecting and assessing small-scale fire models, reviews common model types (box furnaces, tube furnaces, radiant heat devices), and discusses relevant test parameters (oxygen, CO/CO2, temperature, heat flux). It explicitly does not provide a detailed combustion physics/chemistry analysis.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Fire-testing laboratories, researchers in fire toxicity and smoke engineering, standards developers, manufacturers of materials and products requiring fire-toxicity assessment, and regulatory agencies.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: ISO/TR 9122-4:1993 is listed as withdrawn. Users should verify whether later ISO/TS documents or newer ISO/TRs have replaced or updated the guidance for toxicity testing of fire effluents.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it is one part of the ISO/TR 9122 series addressing toxicity testing of fire effluents (other parts include general guidance and prediction of toxic effects). Consult the series index and later related ISO/TS documents for the complete context.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: fire model, furnace, combustion apparatus, fire effluent toxicity, small-scale testing, oxygen concentration, CO/CO2 ratio, temperature, heat flux.