ASTM D2369-24 PDF

Full title and description

St ASTM D2369-24 — Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings. A laboratory test method that determines the weight percent volatile content (loss on heating) of solventborne and waterborne coatings and related paint systems by heating a measured specimen and calculating percent weight loss under specified bake conditions.

Abstract

ASTM D2369-24 specifies a bake-out procedure (110 °C ± 5 °C for 60 minutes) and associated sample preparation, weighing, and calculation steps to determine volatile (and nonvolatile) content of a broad range of coating formulations, including multi-component systems. The method is widely used for product quality control, formulation development, regulatory reporting (as an input to VOC calculations), and interlaboratory comparisons. It includes guidance on applicability, precision, and when alternative procedures or adjusted cure conditions are appropriate.

General information

• Status: Active
• Publication date: February 1, 2024
• Publisher: ASTM International
• ICS / categories: 87.040 (Paints and varnishes) — Paints, varnishes and related coatings; chemical analysis of coatings
• Edition / version: D2369-24 (2024)
• Number of pages: 6

Scope

This test method describes the determination of the weight-percent volatile content of solventborne and waterborne coatings by heating a defined specimen and measuring weight loss. The standard bake condition is 110 °C ± 5 °C for 60 minutes; the method is suitable for many air-dried, oxidizing, and heat-cured systems and for multicomponent coatings where liquid reactants are volatile prior to reaction. The method may not be appropriate for some specialty or radiation-curable materials (which require alternative methods), and the procedure or bake conditions may be adjusted by mutual agreement if decomposition or atypical behavior occurs during heating.

Key topics and requirements

• Specified bake condition: 110 °C ± 5 °C for 60 minutes (general-purpose condition).
• Procedure: precise specimen application/weighting, controlled oven conditions, post‑bake cooling and reweighing, and percent-volatile calculation.
• Applicable coating types: solventborne and waterborne coatings, air-dry and many heat-cure systems, multi-component paints.
• Limitations and exceptions: not intended for certain radiation-curable (UV/EB) materials — alternate methods should be used for those systems.
• Precision and reproducibility: specifies specimen size/control limits and discusses interlaboratory precision for typical coatings.
• Relation to VOC reporting: used as an input to VOC calculations and to standards/practices that define VOC determination and reporting conventions.
• Notes on adjustments: allows substitution of cure time/temperature by agreement when abnormal decomposition or unique cure conditions apply.

Typical use and users

Used by coatings manufacturers, formulation chemists, quality-control and analytical laboratories, third-party test houses, regulatory compliance staff, and R&D teams. Typical applications include batch quality checks, incoming/outgoing material verification, VOC-related reporting and regulatory compliance support, product development comparisons, and supplier-customer material acceptance testing.

Related standards

Commonly referenced and used alongside other methods and practices such as ASTM D3960 (Practice for Determining VOC Content of Paints and Related Coatings), ASTM D6419 (volatile content method for sheet-fed and coldset web offset printing inks), standards for radiation-curable materials (e.g., ASTM D5403), and regulatory procedures such as U.S. EPA Reference Method 24. D2369 is maintained by ASTM Committee D01 (Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications).

Keywords

volatile content, volatiles, nonvolatile, percent volatile, coatings, paints, solventborne, waterborne, VOC, bake-out, oven test, D2369-24, ASTM, paint analysis

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ASTM D2369-24 is a Standard Test Method titled "Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings" that defines a laboratory procedure to measure the weight-percent volatile content of coatings by controlled heating and reweighing.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers specimen preparation, oven bake conditions (nominally 110 °C ± 5 °C for 60 minutes), weighing procedures, calculation of percent volatile content, precision considerations, and applicability guidance for solventborne and waterborne coatings and many multi-component systems.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Coatings and paint manufacturers, QC/analytical labs, R&D formulators, conformity and regulatory teams, testing laboratories, and customers performing acceptance testing.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: D2369-24 is the 2024 edition of the standard (current as published February 1, 2024). It supersedes earlier editions (for example the 2020 edition) and should be used in place of older versions unless a contract or regulation specifies otherwise.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is part of ASTM Committee D01's portfolio of paint and coatings test methods and is commonly used together with related standards and practices (e.g., D3960 for VOC calculations, D6419 for specific printing inks, and procedures for radiation-curable materials).

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Volatile content, VOC, coatings, percent volatile, oven bake, solventborne, waterborne, nonvolatile, ASTM D2369-24.