ASTM D3108/D3108M-13 (2020) PDF

Full title and description

ASTM D3108/D3108M-13(2020) — Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material. This test method specifies procedures and apparatus for measuring the kinetic coefficient of friction between a moving yarn and a solid surface (including recommended wrap angles, speeds, and friction-surface characteristics).

Abstract

This standard describes a laboratory test method to determine kinetic yarn-to-solid friction by moving a length of yarn over a controlled-radius solid friction surface at a specified speed and wrap angle(s), measuring input and output tensions, and calculating the coefficient of kinetic friction. It is intended for comparative and acceptance testing of yarn finishes, surface materials, and processing conditions.

General information

• Status: Reapproved designation D3108/D3108M-13(2020); listed as the 2013 revision reapproved in 2020 (users should consult ASTM for the absolute current status in their jurisdiction).
• Publication date: Reapproval/most recent entry dated 2020 (catalog listings record February 1, 2020 / 2020 reapproval).
• Publisher: ASTM International.
• ICS / categories: 59.080.20 (Yarns / textiles).
• Edition / version: D3108/D3108M-13 (reapproved 2020) — metric/inch-pound dual designation (SI and inch-pound values given separately).
• Number of pages: 6 pages (typical published length for the test method document).

Scope

The test method covers measurement of the kinetic frictional properties of a moving yarn in contact with a solid material or a solid surface of constant radius. It specifies a reference relative speed (100 m/min) though other speeds may be used, recommends wrap angles (commonly 1.57, 3.14 and 6.28 radian — 90°, 180°, 360°) and indicates applicable yarn linear-density ranges for which the method has been applied (commonly about 1.5–400 tex). The method is intended for yarn-to-solid comparisons; yarn-to-yarn friction is covered by Test Method D3412.

Key topics and requirements

• Definition and calculation of coefficient of kinetic friction from measured input and output tensions or from direct tension-ratio indicators.
• Specified test speed (reference 100 m/min) and allowance for other speeds with caveats on precision changes.
• Recommended wrap angles (90°, 180°, 360°) and guidance on avoiding wrap angles that cause yarn yield or excessive tension.
• Friction-surface specification (typical small-diameter metal pins/rollers with defined surface finish/roughness and possible alternative surfaces; surface characteristics must be reported).
• Apparatus and drive system requirements (controlled-speed yarn-transport device, elimination of slippage, means to record tensions or tension ratio).
• Specimen conditioning and atmospheric-equilibrium requirements per textile conditioning practice (conditioning prior to testing, uniform moisture content).
• Notes on precision and inter-laboratory variability — comparative or round-robin checks recommended when acceptance decisions depend on cross-laboratory results.

Typical use and users

Used by textile laboratories, yarn and fiber manufacturers, finishing houses, quality control and R&D groups to compare yarn finishes, surface treatments, and to evaluate interactions between yarns and guide/processing surfaces. Also used in acceptance testing of commercial yarn shipments where frictional behavior affects processing or end-use performance.

Related standards

Commonly referenced alongside Test Method D3412/D3412M (Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Yarn) and textile conditioning Practice D1776; terminology standards such as D4849 and general textile test methods (D123) are also relevant. The test method is published in the ASTM textiles volume and appears together with other D13 committee methods.

Keywords

coefficient of friction; yarn-to-solid; kinetic friction; yarn testing; textile friction; wrap angle; tension ratio; conditioning; D3108.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ASTM D3108/D3108M-13(2020) is a standardized test method for measuring the kinetic coefficient of friction between a moving yarn and a solid material or surface.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers test procedures, apparatus, specimen conditioning, recommended speeds and wrap angles, friction-surface specifications, and calculation methods to determine yarn-to-solid kinetic friction for comparative and acceptance testing.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Textile test laboratories, yarn/fiber manufacturers, finishers, quality/control engineers and researchers use it to evaluate how yarns interact with metal guides, rollers, coatings and other solid surfaces encountered in processing or end use.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The document appears as D3108/D3108M-13 with a 2020 reapproval entry (designation D3108/D3108M-13(2020)); users should verify current status with ASTM International or their national standards body because some cataloging organizations may show different lifecycle states.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it is part of the ASTM D13 committee's textile test methods and is commonly used alongside related friction and yarn-testing standards such as D3412 (yarn-to-yarn friction) and conditioning/terminology practices (D1776, D4849).

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: coefficient of friction; yarn-to-solid; kinetic friction; wrap angle; tension; textile testing; ASTM D3108.