Overview
ISO 15118-10:2025 - "Road vehicles - Vehicle to grid communication interface - Part 10" specifies the physical layer and data link layer requirements for single-pair Ethernet (10BASE-T1S) used for high-level communication (HLC) between electric vehicles (EV) and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). The standard defines how differential, balanced single‑pair Ethernet cabling embedded in the charging cable supports reliable vehicle-to-grid (V2G) information exchange and covers the overall information exchange between all actors involved in electrical energy transfer.
Key topics and requirements
- Scope and technology: Applies specifically to 10BASE‑T1S single‑pair Ethernet over a dedicated differential twisted pair.
- System architecture: Definitions of OSI-based services, layer responsibilities, and interfaces between Layer 1 (physical), Layer 2 (data link) and higher ISO 15118 components.
- Physical channel and nodes: Requirements for cable assemblies, node characteristics, coupling network schematics and channel integrity.
- Data link layer: Layer 2 interfaces, data SAP (service access point) for exchanging V2G payloads, and data link control SAP for link management.
- Connection coordination: Procedures for plug‑in, initialization, loss of communication, sleep/wake cycles and behavior during charge pauses.
- Low‑layer communication: Definitions of modem-managed functions, basic signalling, charge enable and insertion detection functions.
- Timing, constants and EMC: Timing requirements, implementation constants and electromagnetic compatibility considerations for in-cable single-pair Ethernet.
- Interoperability scope: How Layer 1/2 requirements integrate with ISO 15118-series HLC and ISO 15118‑20 network/application protocols.
Applications and who uses it
ISO 15118-10:2025 is intended for organizations involved in the design, manufacture, testing and deployment of EV charging systems that use single‑pair Ethernet for communication:
- EV manufacturers integrating onboard communication modems
- EVSE and charging cable OEMs implementing embedded single‑pair Ethernet
- Charging network operators and integrators deploying V2G-capable infrastructure
- Test labs and certification bodies validating Layer 1/2 compliance and EMC
- Standards committees and product designers aligning with ISO 15118 series
Practical uses include enabling secure HLC between EV and EVSE within the charging cable assembly, supporting smart charging, grid services and efficient energy exchange while ensuring reliable link management and EMC performance.
Related standards
- ISO 15118‑20 (network and application layer requirements)
- IEC 61851‑23‑3 (basic signalling, charge enable and insertion detection)
- IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet physical layer baseline)
Keywords: ISO 15118-10:2025, single-pair Ethernet, 10BASE-T1S, EV, EVSE, vehicle-to-grid, V2G, physical layer, data link layer, charging communication.