Overview
ISO 23160:2011 - "Watch cases and accessories - Tests of the resistance to wear, scratching and impacts" defines standardized laboratory methods to evaluate how watch cases, bracelets and related accessories withstand everyday wear. The standard is intended mainly for complete watch cases fitted with bracelets but also covers tests applicable to individual cases, partial bracelets or prepared flat samples. Tests simulate real-life deterioration (wear, scratches, impacts) and include calibration procedures so accelerated results can be correlated to service life.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope & purpose
- Simulate aesthetic and functional degradation of watch components caused by friction, abrasion and shock.
- Allows combining tests to reproduce realistic wear patterns by agreement between contracting parties.
- Wear resistance tests
- Moving ceramic chips test (rotating/vibrating polishing machine): parts tumbled with ceramic chips in water + surfactant; calibration uses a stainless‑steel washer whose mass loss (6 mg ± 2 mg per cycle) defines a cycle equivalent (e.g., one cycle ≈ one year for gold plating).
- Textile belt test: continuous friction against a Terylene belt (50 N belt tension, 0.5 m/s belt speed, 15 mm penetration, 3 h standard duration) to simulate mild clothing abrasion. Uses a calibrating gauge (stainless steel) for comparative wear factor.
- Reciprocating movement test: precise back-and-forth abrasion against an abrasive wheel (device parameters per ISO 8251) suited to flat samples, with controlled load and stroke.
- Scratch resistance
- Describes objective, test setup, abrasive load, operating procedure, calibration and visual or instrumental evaluation of scratch severity.
- Impact resistance
- Defines tests to simulate shocks, impacts and drops with specified abrasive media, operating procedures and evaluation criteria.
- Evaluation & calibration
- Primary evaluation by visual inspection (Annex A) and comparison with reference samples; supplementary measurements include mass loss, coating thickness (metallography), roughness and color change.
- Test materials & abrasives
- Details on ceramic chip/ball composition and dimensions; textile belt characteristics; standard washer and calibrating gauge material (stainless steel grades 1.4435/1.4404).
Practical applications and users
ISO 23160 is used by:
- Watch manufacturers and designers for product validation and durability benchmarking.
- Quality assurance and R&D laboratories to compare coatings, base materials and decorative layers.
- Coating suppliers and plating houses to qualify decorative finishes (gold plating, PVD, anodizing).
- Contract manufacturers and testing laboratories for supplier control, contractual acceptance testing, and accelerated life simulation.
Use cases: comparing coating systems, validating design changes, failure analysis, and producing reproducible test reports for buyers or regulators.
Related standards
- ISO 2819 (adhesion test methods for metallic coatings)
- ISO 8251 (abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings)
- ISO 11640 (colour fastness to rubbing)
- ISO 27874 (electrodeposited gold coatings)
Keywords: ISO 23160, watch case wear test, scratch resistance testing, impact resistance watches, watch bracelet durability, horology testing standards, watch coating evaluation.