Overview
ISO 5390:1977 is an international standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that provides a comprehensive classification of compressors. This standard covers various types of compressors used for the displacement and compression of gaseous media across all pressure ranges, except for fans and vacuum pumps. It includes essential definitions, classifications, and a bilingual glossary of English and French terms alongside illustrative diagrams to support better understanding.
The standard serves as a crucial reference for manufacturers, engineers, and technical professionals involved in the design, selection, and application of compressors across multiple industries. By providing a universally accepted classification system, ISO 5390:1977 facilitates clearer communication, specification, and education within the field of pneumatic machinery and related technologies.
Key Topics
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Compressor Types and Classifications: The standard divides compressors into two principal categories:
- Displacement (Volumetric) Compressors: Machines that achieve pressure increase by admitting successive volumes of gas into a closed chamber and displacing it via a moving element. Subtypes include:
- Reciprocating compressors driven by a rotating shaft, using straightforward alternating motion.
- Rotary compressors utilizing rotors, vanes, or meshing elements for displacement.
- Dynamic Compressors: Devices where pressure increase is achieved through kinetic energy transformation with continuous gas flow. Variants include:
- Turbocompressors (with rotating blades or impellers), further classified into axial flow, radial (centrifugal) flow, and mixed flow types.
- Ejectors, which perform compression without moving parts by harnessing the kinetic energy of an auxiliary fluid.
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Detailed Definitions: Comprehensive explanations for technical terms ensure consistency, covering aspects like shaft-driven reciprocating compressors, diaphragm compressors, lubrication types, cooling methods, and compressor configurations.
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Bilingual Glossary and Diagrams: Annexed lists provide equivalent terminology in English and French, accompanied by explanatory visual aids illustrating different compressor mechanisms and configurations such as piston types, mounting styles, and flow orientations.
Applications
ISO 5390:1977 is widely applicable in fields that rely on gas compression technology, including:
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Industrial Process Engineering: Facilitates specification of compressor types for chemical, petroleum, and manufacturing processes requiring precise gas displacement and pressure control.
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HVAC Systems and Pneumatics: Assists HVAC designers and pneumatic tool manufacturers in selecting appropriate compressor technologies for air compression applications.
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Energy Sector: Guides turbine and compressor manufacturers in classifying turbomachinery used in power generation and gas transport.
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Academic and R&D: Provides a foundation for educational programs and research work in mechanical engineering disciplines concerned with fluid dynamics and machine design.
By using this standard, organizations can ensure alignment with international nomenclature and classification schemes, aiding interoperability, procurement agreements, and technical documentation.
Related Standards
ISO 5390:1977 complements and aligns with several other relevant standards in the field of compressors and pneumatic machinery, such as:
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ISO 1217: Specifies performance testing methods for displacement compressors.
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ISO 8573: Defines air quality classes for compressed air systems.
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ISO 13373: Provides guidelines for machinery condition monitoring, relevant to compressor maintenance.
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ISO 10816: Outlines vibration severity assessment for rotating machinery including compressors.
Adherence to ISO 5390’s classification enhances integration with these standards by providing a clear framework and common language for compressor types and terminology.
Keywords: ISO 5390:1977, compressor classification, displacement compressor, dynamic compressor, turbocompressor, reciprocating compressor, rotary compressor, pneumatic machinery standards, gas compression technology, international compressor terminology, compressor glossary, mechanical engineering standards.