Overview
ISO 6540:2021 - Maize - Determination of moisture content (on milled grains and on whole grains) specifies two laboratory methods to determine moisture in maize and maize products:
- a reference method (for maize grains and ground whole maize, groats, grits and maize flour), and
- a routine method (for whole grains only).
The document describes required apparatus, sample preparation, drying/weighing procedures, expression of results, precision data from interlaboratory tests and informative annexes (including an absolute method and interlaboratory results).
Keywords: ISO 6540, moisture content, maize moisture determination, reference method, routine method, maize testing standard.
Key technical topics and requirements
- Two-method approach
- Reference method: Intended as the primary laboratory method; aligns with the absolute method (Annex A). Suitable for expert reports, calibration and verification.
- Routine method (whole grains): Faster and easier for series testing but has a systematic positive bias (~0.30% mass fraction) relative to the reference method and is not appropriate for expert reports or humidity-meter calibration.
- Drying conditions
- Reference drying temperature is specified between 130 °C and 133 °C to match the absolute method.
- Apparatus
- Analytical balances (high precision), grinding mill (non‑moisture-absorbing, low heat generation), metal boats or capsules, constant-temperature ovens (two types, including one controllable to 130–133 °C with specified heat-recovery performance and ventilation effectiveness), desiccator.
- Ventilation performance is evaluated using durum wheat semolina as a test material (specified limits on moisture result variation).
- Sampling and sample prep
- Sampling itself is outside scope; ISO 24333 is recommended for sampling procedures.
- Particle-size rules: products with particle sizes ≤ 1.7 mm (with ≤10% >1 mm and ≥50%