ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017 PDF

Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 5: IT Equipment Utilization for servers (ITEUsv)

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Title (English):

ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017

Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 5: IT Equipment Utilization for servers (ITEUsv)

Document status:: Active
Format:: Electronic (PDF)
Number of pages:: 7
Publication date:: October 26, 2017
Edition:: ISO/IEC IS 30134 edition 1 version 1
ICS:: 35.020

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Description (English):

ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017 specifies the IT Equipment Utilization for servers (ITEUsv) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to quantify the utilization of servers in a data centre. ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017 is intended as a KPI for improving the aggregate energy efficiency of servers in a given data centre. ITEUsv utilizes only CPU utilization of servers in a data centre. Servers where the majority of computation is provided by auxiliary processing accelerators (APAs) are out of scope. ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017 a) describes the purposes of ITEUsv, b) defines ITEUsv in a conceptual manner, c) describes how to use ITEUsv, and d) describes reporting of ITEUsv.

Technical details

Technical committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 39 - Sustainability, IT and data centres
SKU: ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017

Abstract

Overview

ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017 defines IT Equipment Utilization for servers (ITEUsv) as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to quantify average server utilization in a data centre. The standard specifies a conceptual definition, measurement approach, reporting rules and practical guidance to use CPU utilization as a proxy for server activity. ITEUsv is intended to help data centre owners/operators improve the aggregate energy efficiency of servers through consolidation, virtualization and operational changes.

Key topics and technical requirements

Definition: ITEUsv is the average CPU utilization ratio of all servers (or a designated group) in a data centre.
Per‑time formula: At time t, ITEUsv(t) = (Σ CUSi(t)) / N, where CUSi(t) is CPU utilization for server i and N is the number of running servers.
Annual measurement: Monitor ITEUsv(t) continuously for one year and compute the annual average ITEUsv. Measurement intervals (e) must be between 1 minute and 1 hour; choose interval based on workload dynamics.
Multicore/CPU handling: For multicore systems, CUSi(t) is the average utilization across cores; for multiple CPUs, the average across CPUs.
Exclusions:
- Servers where most computation is done by auxiliary processing accelerators (APAs) are out of scope.
- Servers without applicable CPU monitoring tools should be excluded from the measurement group.
- Servers in “power OFF” state are subtracted when calculating ITEUsv.
Reporting: Record annual average, peak ITEUsv(t) and peak duration metrics to support target-setting and operational planning.
Limitations: ITEUsv relies on CPU utilization as a proxy - consider memory, I/O, workload changes and differing OS/CPU measurement semantics when interpreting results.

Practical applications and users

Who uses it: data centre operators, hosting/cloud providers, sustainability and capacity planners, IT operations and performance engineers.
Use cases:
- Track and improve server energy effectiveness by increasing average utilization (via virtualization, consolidation, workload scheduling).
- Validate the impact of operational changes (server provisioning, autoscaling policies, power management).
- Set internal targets (annual average and acceptable peak durations) and monitor trends year-over-year.
Operational guidance:
- Choose an appropriate sampling interval (1 min–1 h) reflecting workload variability.
- Monitor continuously for a year for representative results.
- Use peak and duration data to avoid unacceptable performance impact when raising average utilization.

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Definition: ITEUsv is the average CPU utilization ratio of all servers (or a designated group) in a data centre.
Per‑time formula: At time t, ITEUsv(t) = (Σ CUSi(t)) / N, where CUSi(t) is CPU utilization for server i and N is the number of running servers.
Annual measurement: Monitor ITEUsv(t) continuously for one year and compute the annual average ITEUsv. Measurement intervals (e) must be between 1 minute and 1 hour; choose interval based on workload dynamics.
Multicore/CPU handling: For multicore systems, CUSi(t) is the average utilization across cores; for multiple CPUs, the average across CPUs.
Exclusions:
- Servers where most computation is done by auxiliary processing accelerators (APAs) are out of scope.
- Servers without applicable CPU monitoring tools should be excluded from the measurement group.
- Servers in “power OFF” state are subtracted when calculating ITEUsv.
Reporting: Record annual average, peak ITEUsv(t) and peak duration metrics to support target-setting and operational planning.
Limitations: ITEUsv relies on CPU utilization as a proxy - consider memory, I/O, workload changes and differing OS/CPU measurement semantics when interpreting results.

Practical applications and users

Who uses it: data centre operators, hosting/cloud providers, sustainability and capacity planners, IT operations and performance engineers.
Use cases:
- Track and improve server energy effectiveness by increasing average utilization (via virtualization, consolidation, workload scheduling).
- Validate the impact of operational changes (server provisioning, autoscaling policies, power management).
- Set internal targets (annual average and acceptable peak durations) and monitor trends year-over-year.
Operational guidance:
- Choose an appropriate sampling interval (1 min–1 h) reflecting workload variability.
- Monitor continuously for a year for representative results.
- Use peak and duration data to avoid unacceptable performance impact when raising average utilization.

ISO/IEC 30134-5:2017 PDF

Technical details

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications and users

Related standards

Abstract

Overview

Key topics and technical requirements

Practical applications and users

Related standards

Related standards

Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 1: Overview and general requirements

Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 2: Power usage effectiveness (PUE)

Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 4: IT Equipment Energy Efficiency f…