Overview
ISO/TR 22099:2025 - Application examples for using reaction-to-fire test data for fire safety engineering is a technical report from ISO/TC 92 that demonstrates practical ways to use reaction-to-fire test data in fire safety engineering (FSE) analyses. Rather than prescribing new test methods, it provides three worked examples that show how standard test outputs (mass loss, cone calorimeter and LIFT data) can be translated into inputs for computational and analytical fire models.
Key topics covered
- Three worked examples illustrating the link between reaction-to-fire test data and model inputs:
- Using mass loss rate (MLR) from single-item tests as input for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.
- Using cone calorimeter and LIFT (lateral ignition and flame transport) apparatus data to derive material properties for flame spread calculations.
- Using mass loss data for zone model calculations that include fuel response effects.
- Experimental and numerical investigations: each example includes test set‑ups, measured data, numerical modelling approaches and comparison of predictions with experiments.
- Practical modelling guidance: converting measured MLR to heat release rate (HRR), deriving flame-spread parameters from cone calorimeter/LIFT tests, and representative model assumptions for room fire scenarios.
- Discussion of limitations and model sensitivity - guidance on uncertainties when using reaction-to-fire data for FSE.
- Reference to terminology and related guidance, including ISO 13943 for vocabulary and cross-references to ISO/TR 17252 and ISO/TS 3814 for deriving and interpreting reaction-to-fire data.
Practical applications and target users
ISO/TR 22099:2025 is intended for professionals who need to convert laboratory reaction-to-fire test results into engineering model inputs:
- Fire safety engineers applying FSE methods to predict temperatures, smoke growth, flashover and fire spread.
- CFD modelers (e.g., using FDS) who require validated HRR or MLR inputs for compartment fire simulations.
- Zone model users integrating fuel response effects in simplified fire growth assessments.
- Test laboratories and materials scientists who need to interpret cone calorimeter and LIFT outputs in engineering terms.
- Regulators, building designers and product manufacturers seeking documented examples of how test data inform design and compliance decisions.
Related standards
- ISO 13943 - Fire safety: Vocabulary
- ISO/TR 17252 - Guidance on deriving data from reaction-to-fire tests
- ISO/TS 3814 - Background and limitations of reaction-to-fire tests
ISO/TR 22099:2025 helps bridge the gap between laboratory reaction-to-fire data (mass loss rate, cone calorimeter, LIFT) and practical fire safety engineering models - promoting more consistent, evidence-based use of test data in CFD, flame-spread and zone-model calculations.