Overview
ISO/TS 24159:2022 - "Refuse collection vehicles - Safety of manual and rear-loaded refuse collection vehicles" provides guidance, requirements and examples of safety methods for the design, manufacture, operation and maintenance of manual and rear‑loaded refuse collection vehicles (RCVs). It focuses on hazards associated with the loading systems and discharge systems of RCVs using rotating plate, compression plate and rotating drum mechanisms. The specification is intended to improve operator safety and reduce accidents during loading, adjustment and maintenance. It does not apply to handling loads whose nature can cause exceptional hazards (for example hot refuse, acids, radioactive or explosive materials).
Key topics and technical requirements
- Loading system modes and controls
- Rotating plate and compression plate systems: single‑cycle mode, or selectable single‑cycle and continuous modes.
- Rotating drum systems: continuous operation mode.
- Emergency stop: must suspend operations; controls provided in at least two locations near the load opening (e.g., left/right/below).
- Loading controls (buttons/levers): recommended to be installed on a rear control panel, located so they cannot start operations accidentally (examples: recessed buttons, protected levers).
- Hopper and load opening
- Load opening height should facilitate manual loading.
- Hopper capacity and dimensions should prevent spillage; capacity should be documented (measured to one decimal place where applicable).
- Safe clearances and anti‑entrapment measures
- Space required to prevent jamming and hand entrapment between moving plates and hopper openings: minimum 50 mm unless active detection (sensors) is provided.
- Structural layouts to avoid waste jamming during plate movement.
- Discharge and tailgate safety
- Tailgate operated from cab switches and by hold‑to‑run controls.
- Controls must signal if tailgate lowering is incomplete and allow interruption while observing potential pinch/shear zones.
- Devices to prevent accidental tailgate fall (e.g., safety bars) and safe operation of tipping, ejection plate and rotating drum discharge systems.
- Definitions & components
- Clear definitions for terms such as hopper, tailgate, push/press/ejection plate, rotating plate/drum, and single‑cycle vs continuous modes.
Applications - who uses this standard
- Vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers designing manual and rear‑loaded RCVs
- Waste‑service providers and fleet owners specifying procurement and safe operation
- Maintenance providers and safety engineers conducting risk assessments and maintenance procedures
- Regulators, consultants and training organisations developing operator safety programs
Related standards
- ISO 24161 (Waste collection and transportation management - Vocabulary) is a normative reference.
- The document draws on definitions and concepts aligned with other vehicle/bodywork standards (e.g., EN 1501 series referenced in definitions).
Keywords: ISO/TS 24159:2022, refuse collection vehicles, RCV safety, rear‑loaded RCV, manual loading, loading systems, rotating plate, compression plate, rotating drum, hopper capacity, tailgate controls, emergency stop.